সাঁচ:Smallcaps/doc

এয়া হৈছে ‘সাঁচ:Smallcaps’ শীৰ্ষক সাঁচটোৰ নথিকৰণৰ উপপৃষ্ঠা।
ইয়াত সাঁচটো ব্যৱহাৰৰ তথ্য, শ্ৰেণীসমূহ, আন্তঃৱিকি সংযোগবোৰ আৰু অন্য সমল থাকে, যিবোৰ মূল সাঁচ পৃষ্ঠাটোৰ অংশ নহয়।

{{Smallcaps}} will display the lowercase part of your text as typographical small caps.

This template should be used sparingly, as markup should be kept simple. Ideally, this template should only be used by templates. In particular, it should not be used for any of the following:

Name/surname disambiguation; in most cases these should be presented in regular title case.
Acronyms; standard capital letters should be used.
All-caps trademarks; these should be presented in regular title case.

Usage

Your source text is not altered in the output, only the way it is displayed on the screen: a copy-paste of the text will give the small caps sections in their original form; similarly, an older or non-CSS browser will only display the original text on screen. This can be seen as a problem, solved with {{sc}}.

Code: {{Smallcaps|Your Text in 4004 bc}}
Displayed: Your Text in 4004 bc
Pasted: Your Text in 4004 bc

Notes

Diacritics (å, ç, é, ğ, ı, ñ, ø, ş, ü, etc.) are handled. However, because the job is performed by each reader's browser, inconsistencies in CSS implementations can lead to some browsers not converting certain rare diacritics.
Use of this template does not generate any automatic categorization. As with most templates, if the argument contains an = sign, the sign should be replaced with {{=}}, or the whole argument be prefixed with 1=. And for wikilinks, you need to use piping. There is a parsing problem with MediaWiki which causes unexpected behavior when a template with one style is used within a template with another style.
There is a problem with dotted and dotless I. {{Lang|tr|{{Smallcaps|ı i}}}} gives you ı i, although the language is set to Turkish.
When used in templates that support COinS, such as most citation templates, the template markup will be included in the COinS metadata. This means that reference management software such as Zotero will store the markup. For example, if {{smallcaps}} is used to format the name Bloggs, Joe in {{cite journal}}, then Zotero will store the name as <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Bloggs, Joe</span>.

Code examples

	Code	Display (screen)
Y	{{Smallcaps\|The ''Name'' of the 2<sup>nd</sup> Game}}	The Name of the 2^nd Game
Y	Leonardo {{Smallcaps\|DiCaprio}} (born 1974)	Leonardo DiCaprio (born 1974)
Y	José {{Smallcaps\|Álvarez de Toledo y Gonzaga}}	José Álvarez de Toledo y Gonzaga
Y	{{Smallcaps\|Nesbø, Vågen, Louÿs, Zúñiga, Kabaağaçlı}}	Nesbø, Vågen, Louÿs, Zúñiga, Kabaağaçlı
When your text uses an = sign:
N	{{Smallcaps\|You and Me = Us}}	{{{1}}}
Y	{{Smallcaps\|You and Me = Us}}	You and Me = Us
Y	{{Smallcaps\|You and Me {{=}} Us}}	You and Me = Us
Y	{{Smallcaps\|1=You and Me = Us}}	You and Me = Us
When your text uses a template:
N	in {{Smallcaps\|Fiddler's {{Green{{!}}Green}}}} forever	Green}} forever
Y	in {{Smallcaps\|1=Fiddler's {{Green\|Green}}}} forever	in Fiddler's Green forever
Y	in {{Smallcaps\|Fiddler's {{Green\|Green}}}} forever	in Fiddler's Green forever
Y	{{Green\|1=in {{Smallcaps\|Fiddler's Green}} forever}}	in Fiddler's Green forever
Y	{{Colors\|green\|yellow\|3=in {{Smallcaps\|Fiddler's Green}} forever}}	in Fiddler's Green forever
When your text uses a \| pipe:
N	{{Smallcaps\|Before\|afteR}}	Before
N	{{Smallcaps\|1=Before{{!}}afteR}}	afteR
Y	{{Smallcaps\|Before\|afteR}}	Before\|afteR
When your text uses a link:
N	[[{{Smallcaps\|Mao}} Zedong]]	[[Mao Zedong]]
Y	[[Mao Zedong\|{{Smallcaps\|Mao}} Zedong]]	Mao Zedong

Reasons to use small caps

Small caps are useful for encyclopedical and typographical uses including:

To lighten ALL-CAPS words or pronounceable acronyms

The biblical "[[The LORD|সাঁচ:LORD]]" (instead of LORD or Lord) or "Lord সাঁচ:GOD" as written in the King James Bible and such
The acronyms U (instead of UNESCO or Unesco) or U
The trademark T (instead of TIME or Time)

To lighten ALL-CAPS surnames mandated by citation styles such as Harvard

Piccadilly has been compared to "a Parisian boulevard" (D 1879).
D, C., Jr (1879). "Piccadilly" in Dickens's Dictionary of London. London: C. Dickens.[1]

To disambiguate Western names and surnames at a glance

Many Hispanic names are tricky to decompose:
- Jorge Luis B, but Adolfo B (both filed under "B")
- José Á, Marqués de los Trujillos
And many Hispanic names are better known by their second surname:
- Pablo R, Federico G, Emir R, José Luis R
Many names (Martín, Miguel, Ramón, Tomás, etc.) can be either forename or surname:
- Juan Martín H vs. Rafael M (two ball players)
Hungarian names natively use the surname-first order:
- P Sándor is usually westernized Sándor P

To disambiguate Eastern surnames and given names at a glance

Most Chinese names and Korean names retain their surname-first order:
- M Zedong fought C Kai-shek
- The movie Oldboy by P Chan-wook starring C Min-sik was not seen by K Il-sung
Most Japanese names are reversed in the West, but not all:
- (Akira K or Motojirō K are usually westernized)
- But M Bashō, O no Komachi, K no Chiyo (haiku poets known under their given name)
- But E Ranpo (kept due to wordplay "EdgarA–llanPoe) vs. Ranpo E (some modern uses)
Burmese names ignore the concept of forename/surname, but are adapted in the West:
- Daw Aung San S, daughter of General A ("Daw" is honorific, her name take part of his name)
And some Burmese names are so short they need to retain an honorific prefix (U for Mister, Daw for Madam, Thakin for Master) which is confusable with a forename or a surname:
- U N ("Mister N"), a.k.a. Thakin N ("Master N")

Technical

Technically, the template merely wraps the standard:

<span style="font-variant:small-caps;"> ... </span>

(The "font-variant:small-caps;text-transform:lowercase" has not been used because it does not work at least in Internet Explorer 5 and 6, which are still fairly common browsers.)

Suppressing small caps

If you wish to suppress the display of small caps in your browser, as a logged in user, you can make an edit to your common.css reading

span.smallcaps { font-variant: normal !important; }